【alcohol】的翻译、意思

英文单词学*与分析：[alcohol]

1. 基本定义

   • 字面意思：Alcohol refers to a class of organic compounds that contain hydroxyl (-OH) functional groups. In everyday language, it commonly denotes ethanol, a type of alcohol found in beverages.
   • 定义：A volatile, flammable liquid that is the intoxicating constituent of wine, beer, spirits, and other drinks; also used in various industrial applications.
   • 词性：名词 (noun)

2. 词源与起源

   • 词源分析：The word "alcohol" comes from the Arabic "al-kuḥl" (الكحل), which originally referred to a powdered antimony used as eyeliner. The term evolved in Medieval Latin as "alcohol," referring to any distilled substance, and eventually was narrowed to refer specifically to ethanol.

   • 历史背景：The term was first used in the English language in the late 1*th century. Its use in literature can be traced back to texts discussing the distillation processes.

   • 课本：

     • **教材：通常在中学的生物或化学课程中出现，介绍酒精的性质与用途。
     • 牛津、美国教材：在高中生物、化学、健康教育等课程中都涉及，通常在10-12年级。

3. 使用场景

   • 正式与非正式语境：
     • 正式：在科学研究、医学、法律文件中，"alcohol"用于描述其化学性质和影响。例如，"The consumption of alcohol can lead to various health issues."（饮酒可能导致各种健康问题。）
     • 非正式：在日常对话中，"We're going out for drinks; do you want to have some alcohol?"（我们要出去喝酒，你想喝点酒吗？）
   • 特殊场合：在法律领域，"alcohol"用于讨论饮酒年龄、酒驾等问题，例："The legal drinking age for alcohol is 21 in the United States."（美国的法定饮酒年龄为21岁。）

4. 示例句子

   1. Alcohol is often consumed in social settings.（酒精常在社交场合中饮用。）
   2. Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to addiction.（过量饮酒可能导致上瘾。）
   3. The effects of alcohol vary from person to person.（酒精的影响因人而异。）
   4. Many countries have regulations regarding the sale of alcohol.（许多国家对酒精的销售有规定。）
   5. She decided to abstain from alcohol for health reasons.（她决定因健康原因戒酒。） *. Alcohol can impair judgment and coordination.（酒精会影响判断力和协调性。）
   6. The study focused on the relationship between alcohol and liver disease.（这项研究关注酒精与肝病之间的关系。）
   7. Different types of alcohol have different effects on the body.（不同类型的酒精对身体有不同的影响。）
   8. Alcohol is a common ingredient in many cocktails.（酒精是许多鸡尾酒的常见成分。）
   9. She poured a glass of alcohol for her guests.（她为客人倒了一杯酒。）

5. 同义词与反义词

   • 同义词：Ethanol, spirits, liquor
     • 微小差异：Ethanol specifically refers to the type of alcohol used in beverages, while "spirits" and "liquor" refer to distilled alcoholic beverages.
   • 反义词：Sobriety
     • 区别：Sobriety denotes the state of being sober, or free from the effects of alcohol.

*. 记忆方法

• 词根记忆法：可以通过分析词根来帮助记忆。"Alcohol"可以分为"al"（阿拉伯的）和"cool"（冷却、净化），理解其来源于古代的净化过程，这样有助于记住其含义。

7. 关联词汇
   • 常与"alcohol"一起使用的词汇包括：ethanol, beverage, intoxication, consumption, drinking, spirits, liquor, moderation, sobriety, addiction。

通过以上分析，可以更深入地理解“alcohol”这个词的含义、历史及应用场景。